Common Problems
Class II
A Class II, also referred to as an “overjet,” is evident when the upper jaw and teeth project ahead of the lower jaw. The facial profile of Class II patients is usually characterized by a facial profile that curves forward. In addition, there is a deficiency in the shape of their chin.The most common reason for a Class II problem is genetics, but thumbsucking can also contribute to the development of an overjet. Early interceptive treatment is usually required to help influence facial growth and bring the upper and lower jaws and teeth into their proper position.
Class III
A Class III problem is when the lower jaw and teeth protrude in front of the upper jaw structures. While it can appear that the lower jaw is very large, the upper jaw development can also be at fault. Class III problems are also mostly inherited.
Crossbite
A crossbite is evident with the upper teeth inside the lower teeth, which may cause tooth wear and abnormal jaw growth. Crossbites are usually the result of a narrow upper jaw or an abnormally wide lower jaw. A constricted upper jaw often forces a patient to move their lower jaw forward or to the side when closing their jaw, which causes the lower teeth to be located outside the upper teeth. This can cause the jaws to have functional problems.
Crowding
Crowding occurs when teeth have insufficient room to erupt from the gums. It is the most common problem treated with orthodontics. While there are numerous contributing factors to the crowding of the teeth, the most common factor is when there are inconsistencies in the size of the teeth and the space available in each jaw. Crowding can not only cause the teeth to look less attractive, the poor alignment of the teeth can sometimes be associated with periodontal problems and an increase in the risk of dental decay. Crowding can often be corrected by expanding the shape of the jaws, and many times, tooth removal can be avoided.
Overbite
When the upper front teeth extend excessively down over the lower front teeth, this is referred to as a deepbite or overbite. Deepbites usually occur when there is a discrepancy between the upper jaw and lower jaw, and normally results in excessive eruption of the upper and lower incisors. Some common problems associated with deepbites include: lip entrapment or protrusion, incisor wear, extreme display of gum tissue and biting the roof of the mouth.
Openbite
An openbite is evident when the upper and lower front teeth do not overlap. Openbites are often a result of one of three factors: constant thumbsucking, tongue thrusting or excessive vertical growth of the lower jaw. For optimal results, early assessment and treatment is necessary.
Spacing
Spacing is one of the more common needs for orthodontic care. Some common factors that cause spacing include: missing or impacted teeth, disharmony between the size of teeth and the jaw width and abnormally thick or malpositioned lip attachment tissue called “frenula”.